Review of the best anti-dandruff shampoos - Dermatology and venereology

Dandruff always appears unexpectedly and at the wrong time. Just yesterday my hair looked neat and tidy, but today the entire back of my head and forehead are covered with small white “scales.” This condition is not a cosmetic defect, but a real disease that needs to be fought. However, to treat it you don’t have to take pills; just choose an effective anti-dandruff shampoo.

How to do it right? What components must be included in the composition of a medicinal product? And how to use it to get rid of the problem as soon as possible? The FAN journalist looked into these issues and compiled a rating of anti-dandruff shampoos, based on reviews from users and experts.

Top 9 most effective anti-dandruff shampoos.

December 2, 2022
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Content

Why does dandruff appear?
How to choose an anti-dandruff shampoo
Types of dandruff
What is included in anti-dandruff shampoos
Causes of dandruff
How to treat dandruff: 9 effective shampoos
Nizoral
Dermazol
Cynovitis
Sulsena
Dandruff
Sebozol
Compliment Zinc+
Tar shampoo 911
Ducray Squanorm

Dandruff is a mild form of seborrheic dermatitis and is provoked by such reasons as incorrectly selected shampoos, hormonal changes in the body, fungus on the skin or poor personal hygiene. Therefore, it is important to first determine the true cause of dandruff and eliminate it. And anti-dandruff shampoos will be an addition to the main treatment.

Causes of dandruff

A cosmetic defect indicates a weakened immune system or other disorders in the body. In any case, you need to pay close attention to the problem.

Doctors identify several reasons that can lead to pathology:

Spread of yeast-like fungus.
Changes in hormonal levels.
Genetic predisposition.
Psychological problems.
Lack of personal hygiene.
Incorrect selection of hair care products.
Skin diseases.
Liver failure.
Problems with the gastrointestinal tract.
Bad ecology.

Why does dandruff appear?

The skin on your scalp is constantly peeling off little by little; this is a normal process. And if everything is in order with the body, skin particles are washed off when washing your hair. But if the sebaceous glands do not work properly, skin particles form crusts that fall off on the shoulders and are visible on the hair itself. There are several reasons for the formation of dandruff:

Fungus.
Each person has a different fungus on their skin, and as long as the body works smoothly, it does not cause any discomfort. But as soon as the sebaceous glands begin to produce excess amounts of sebum, the fungus begins to actively multiply. This causes improper exfoliation of skin particles - this is how dandruff appears.
Styling products.
Dandruff can also appear due to excessive use of various styling products. If you apply styling products to your hair often and a lot, the sebaceous glands begin to work incorrectly. Dandruff can also be caused by ammonia hair dyes, frequent shampooing, curling your hair, and constant blow-drying. The scalp becomes dry and seborrhea occurs.
Quality of tap water.
Hard water dries out the scalp, it begins to flake, and the hair becomes brittle and dull. If dandruff occurs for this reason, it is better to install a filter or wash your hair with boiled water.
General condition of the body.
Dandruff can also appear due to stress, fatigue, and deficiency of vitamins and microelements. An important factor is proper nutrition, because it affects not only your figure, but also the condition of your skin. Eliminate baked goods, alcohol, spicy and fatty foods from your diet.

How does dandruff appear?

This syndrome has its own symptoms:

greasy shine of the scalp and hair;
peeling and a large number of skin flakes on the hair;
constant itching;
hair loss;
sometimes – red spots on the scalp.

Skin flakes stick to the hair at the base. They are thin, almost transparent, white, grayish or yellowish. They can accumulate on any part of the head, and are distributed unevenly - somewhere more, somewhere less. If your hair is collected in a braid or bun, there is usually the most dandruff under it in this place. When combing or even just moving the head, the scales fall off.

Types of dandruff

Dry dandruff	Oily dandruff

This type manifests itself in the case of reduced sebum secretion. The scales, as a rule, are small in size and easily separated, so the hair looks as if it is powdered. In most cases, dry dandruff is located mainly in the parietal and frontal areas of the head.	It occurs when there is excessive sebum secretion. The scales are large, saturated with sebaceous secretions, which is why they stick to each other, attach to the hair and are difficult to peel off. Often the excretory duct of the gland becomes clogged with sloughing epithelial cells soaked in sebum. Itching may occur, and with seborrhea the hair begins to become shiny, looks greased with oil, and sticks together in strands.

Why does dandruff occur?

As mentioned above, this is the result of fungal activity. It parasitizes on fatty environments. The fungus produces lipases and phospholipases to break down sebum and produce the fatty acids it needs to live. The fungus also produces extracellular proteins that enter the skin and lead to the formation of dandruff.

Under normal conditions, epidermal cells live 25–30 days. When pathology occurs, their physiological cycle is shortened to 5–14 days. In such a short period of time, cells cannot normally go through the entire development cycle, do not lose moisture, and therefore stick together. They do not peel off individually, as they should normally, but in flakes. This is dandruff.

What is included in anti-dandruff shampoos

Typically, anti-dandruff shampoos contain the following active ingredients:

ketoconazole
(a substance that blocks the activity of the fungus that causes seborrhea);
zinc pyrithione
(normalizes the functioning of the sebaceous glands and the exfoliation process);
sulfur
(works as a disinfectant);
tar
(eliminates bacteria);
olamine pyractone
(stimulates hair growth and has a positive effect on its appearance);
panthenol
(fights dry scalp, softens it).

Organic anti-dandruff shampoos contain various decoctions and infusions, oils, and extracts from medicinal plants.

IMPORTANT.

Dandruff can be dry or oily. Oily dandruff usually appears due to improper functioning of the sebaceous glands, poor hygiene and fungus. Dry dandruff occurs more often in adolescents and with hormonal disorders.

Preventive measures

Do not think that using a cosmetic product will be a panacea for pathology. Still, it is better to prevent a disease than to treat it for a long time.

We recommend:

Every four months, replace your old comb with a new one.
Disinfect personal hygiene items weekly.
Take a course of multivitamins once every six months.
Create a menu that does not contain harmful foods (chocolate, coffee, fried foods, smoked foods, pickles, marinades, fast food).
Get rid of bad habits (drinking alcohol and smoking).
Take a walk in the fresh air.
Use a rubber cap in the pool.

Rating of antifungal shampoos for dandruff

Only a doctor can prescribe such a drug. The most effective are those containing the broad-spectrum substance ketoconazole:

"Mikozoral" is aimed at eliminating the fungus. It also has antiseptic properties. Helps the exfoliation process, removes itching, burning, redness and reduces the number of dead scales. It is recommended to complete the full course within one month. The big plus is the low cost. It has a thick consistency, so the mixture is consumed very sparingly. The only negative is that it cannot be used by children under 15 years of age.
Nizoral is an effective drug with a specific odor that goes away in a very short time. Effectively fights fungi and spores and prevents their reappearance. Also gently removes pustular crusts. The second property of the drug is the fight against lichen. Contraindications apply only to expectant mothers, since ketoconazole can enter the circulatory system.
Sebozol is safe for small children and pregnant women. Its chemical composition allows use when breastfeeding.

Professional cosmetics: shampoos for dry dandruff

The leading positions in this category are occupied by:

Loreal Professionnel Instant Clear Pure made in France.
Matrix Biolage Scalpsync. Eliminates the feeling of dryness.
L'Oreal Professionnel Homme Cool Clear removes seborrhea in two or three applications.

The most common baby cleansing compounds

Weakened immunity and an incompletely grown and strengthened body lead to the appearance of peeling in children.

The following will help eliminate such manifestations:

Chicco is designed for girls and boys from the first days of their lives. Contains chamomile and hawthorn extracts. It has anti-allergenic properties and is suitable for any type of skin. Removes seborrheic crusts, softens the skin of a newborn and removes white plaque on the head.
“La-Cri” based on panthenol is able to heal small wounds and scratches on the child’s body. It has an anti-inflammatory effect and does not sting the eyes. Suitable for children from birth to twelve years of age. Jojoba oil, licorice extract and salicylic acid help eliminate imperfections and soften the epidermis.
Mustela. It has all the qualities like the previous drug. The only negative is the high cost, around 1000 rubles.

The best effective anti-dandruff shampoos for daily use

Every day you are allowed to wash your hair with cosmetics:

Head & Shoulders two in one. The unique formula allows you to get rid of seborrhea, protects the skin, moisturizes the hair, giving it shine and beauty.
Otium Unique from the ESTEL brand acts gently. Active components: elecampane extract, zinc, panthenol and allantoin carefully remove dead particles and soothe the epidermis.
Alerana increases oxygen access to hair follicles and nourishes with beneficial microelements.

The best preventative cosmetics

They do not contain active chemical components. They are designed to prevent the occurrence of pathology. The most common, according to customer reviews, include: “Witch Doctor” based on burdock and hops, “Forte”, “Bioderma”, Redken Scalp Relief Dandruff Control, “Horsepower”.

Rating of anti-dandruff shampoos with complex action

Those who prefer natural and safe formulations should definitely purchase Davines Natural Tech Purifying, made in Italy. Its composition includes dandelion extract, which gently removes particles from the scalp, moisturizes and strengthens the hair. It is very effective for various fungal diseases, for different types of seborrhea. The disadvantages include a specific pharmacy smell and an inflated price.

Kelual DS is developed for the treatment of severe forms of pathology. It has a detrimental effect on fungus, pathological bacteria and streptococci. Culeamide is used to dissolve keratinized scales. Conditioning substances can soothe the skin and heal minor wounds and scratches.

Inexpensive cosmetic compositions

We offer budget options:

“Anti-stress with seaweed” from the famous Green Mama brand. In addition to soothing ingredients, it contains sea salt, which prevents the proliferation of pathogenic microbes and fungi. Sage has anti-inflammatory and healing properties. The product restores hair shine, regulates the secretion of subcutaneous fat and normalizes metabolic processes.
Planeta Organica is a cheap natural anti-dandruff shampoo based on organic products. Does not contain chemicals. Medicinal components from nettle and calendula extracts help to gently cleanse the skin. The composition also includes thermal mud from Kamchatka. With its help, microorganisms that contribute to the appearance of seborrhea, peeling and irritation are removed.

For oily hair

The products can save a person from “snow” plaque, epidermal fungus, and bacterial diseases.

These include: Vichy Dercos (for sensitive skin), Tervapuun Tuoksu with Finnish pine tar, “Sulsena” with climbazole.

For dry type

It is virtually impossible to deal with dead skin cells by scratching. Small white “flakes” bring many problems to a person, from aesthetics to physical disturbance. Only therapeutic medications can help solve a difficult situation. These include Klorane, Dermazol, Home Institut.

Causes of dandruff

Internal reasons	External reasons
Hormonal imbalance	Excessive use of hairsprays and gels
Poor health	Incorrect use of hair coloring products, excessive use of straighteners, hair dryers, hot rollers, curling irons
Insufficient hygiene	Cold weather and dryness in a heated room
Allergic hypersensitivity	Stress and anxiety
Lack of rest	Insufficient or too frequent use of hair shampoo, frequent change of shampoos, insufficient rinsing of hair
Emotional stress	Poor nutrition. Excessive consumption of sugar, fat, starch
Hereditary predisposition

Read also: 10 most effective acne remedies 10 creams and gels to combat acne and acne.

When is special care needed?

The mechanism of the sebaceous glands disrupts its usual course, thereby not providing the necessary protection. Based on research, it was found that dry hair depends on heredity.

The following manipulations can disrupt the natural moisture of curls:

Chemical exposure to create curls and curls;
Drying with a hairdryer and other similar devices is not in accordance with the advice of cosmetologists;
Creating curls or straightening using a curling iron or iron;
Frequent use of hair products: gels, mousses, varnishes, foams;
Long-term and permanent staining, especially bleaching.

The above actions expose hair to excessive negative influences, which consequently results in deterioration of structure, dullness, loss of natural appearance and volume, dryness and ultimately hair loss. If the curls have not yet lost much of their original appearance, then you won’t have to use a lot of cosmetics, but you can get by with a good shampoo to care for your strands.

Nizoral

The active ingredient in Nizoral is ketoconazole, which is considered one of the best antifungal agents for the treatment of dandruff. Nizoral is universal, so it is used for many fungal infections of the scalp. The shampoo has a thick consistency, it is used sparingly and copes well with dandruff. Nizoral should be applied to the scalp and left for five minutes, then rinsed off. Since the product has a wide spectrum of action, Nizoral is often prescribed for pityriasis versicolor, dry and oily seborrhea. According to statistics, Nizoral is effective in 96% of cases in the treatment of dandruff.

Nizoral

Janssen-Cilag, UK

Dermatophyte skin infections caused by Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis and Epidermophyton floccosum: - dermatomycosis of smooth skin;
- inguinal athlete's foot; - epidermophytosis of the hands and feet; - skin candidiasis; - pityriasis versicolor; — seborrheic dermatitis caused by Pityrosporum ovale from 430

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Dry seborrhea: diagnosis, symptoms, causes, treatment methods

Dry seborrhea (not to be confused with mixed and oily) is a separate type of skin disease that develops as a result of weak activity of the sebaceous glands. Services Expert Clinics Mesotherapy for hair A relatively new technique has already become a favorite among both doctors and patients due to its low trauma and good results. Mesotherapy for hair Treatment of hypothyroidism Treatment and prevention of hypothyroidism are extremely important for maintaining and promoting health. Treatment of hypothyroidism Plasma therapy for hair This is one of the innovative methods that allows you to naturally restore hair and improve its quality. Plasma therapy for hair Call me back What is seborrhea? Seborrhea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is caused by dysfunction of the sebaceous glands responsible for the formation of sebum. It mainly affects the scalp, causing scaly patches and persistent dandruff. It can also spread to areas of the body such as the face, nose, eyebrows, ears, eyelids, chest and genitals. The course of seborrhea is characterized by frequent relapses and remissions. In people with this disease, the secretion of fat is disrupted, and as a result, the chemical composition of sebum changes, and its bactericidal properties are suppressed. This pathology most often occurs due to hormonal imbalance in both adults and adolescents. Symptoms of dry seborrhea and the difference from oily seborrhea. The clinical picture varies depending on the form of the disease. The classic course of the disease is characterized first by the appearance of dry seborrhea, then oily seborrhea in the back of the head. Signs of dry seborrhea: Dry, tight skin, sometimes covered with small cracks; Itching of the affected areas, especially after washing; Small, dry, copious dandruff that looks like flakes; Thin, brittle and dull hair with split ends; Reddish spots on the affected areas of the skin; Thinning hair; Hair loss (characterized by severe form). Signs of oily seborrhea: Oily and thick skin; Large blackheads and pores; Acne; Itching; Film in the form of glued flakes of white and yellow colors of different sizes; Greasy hair; Thick or thin sebum on the surface of seborrheic areas; Inflammation of the sebaceous glands and skin; Hair loss (with a long course of the disease). Mixed seborrhea Symptoms of dry and oily seborrhea sometimes appear simultaneously: the scalp becomes dry, flaky, the hair is thin and brittle, and the skin of the face, neck, upper back and chest is very oily, shiny with elements of inflammation. Causes of dry seborrhea In the course of numerous clinical studies, it has been established that the yeast-like fungi Pityrosporum ovale, which are permanent inhabitants of healthy human skin, play a major role in the development of seborrhea of the scalp and the appearance of dandruff. Throughout our lives, these microorganisms parasitize human skin, feeding on the secretions of the sebaceous glands. However, under unfavorable conditions for the body, the protective function of the skin is disrupted and, as a result, it loses control over the growth of microflora. The natural barrier no longer works. Normally, a healthy person has about 30-50% of these fungi on the scalp. If a patient has dandruff, about 75% of them are detected, and in the most severe cases - about 90%. There are a number of causes of seborrhea that cause destructive changes in the body: Impaired metabolic processes; Hormonal changes of a physiological type (menopause, puberty), as well as pathological changes expressed by dysfunction of the hormonal system; Emotional overload caused by stress and depression; Hereditary factor: often a genetic predisposition contributes to the onset of the disease; Disturbances in the functioning of the body's immune system; Excessive use of care products or, conversely, poor hygiene; Using aggressive and inappropriate care products, as well as using products containing alcohol on a regular basis; Cosmetic procedures with a high risk of side effects; Excessive exposure to sunlight Poor nutrition, manifested in excessive consumption of fatty meats, spicy foods, sugar and honey. This disease can be caused by natural causes of seborrhea. The latter is manifested by hormonal changes in the body (pregnancy, menopause, etc.). Seborrhea of this form is called physiological, because after completion of a certain process, the hormones are normalized and the disease goes away on its own. When taking hormonal drugs such as anabolic steroids or birth control pills, symptoms of seborrhea may appear on the scalp, face and other parts of the body. Seborrhea can be caused by pathologies of the endocrine system, such as diabetes, dysfunction of the sweat glands and others. People with HIV have an 80% risk of contracting the disease. Seborrhea of the scalp can also occur in patients with paralysis, schizophrenia, epilepsy and Parkinson's disease. If this is the case, talk to your doctor to learn about different seborrhea treatment options for your case. Diagnosis Diagnosis of oily seborrhea is carried out approximately as follows: Collecting an anamnesis from the attending physician; Identification of possible risk factors for the manifestation of the disease; Donating blood for biochemical analysis; Donating blood for hormones; Study of the general condition of hair and dermis; Ultrasound of the thyroid gland, peritoneal organs (in some cases). If you suspect a dry form of seborrhea, you should consult the following doctors: Endocrinologist; Dermatologist; Neurologist; Gynecologist. Treatment of dry seborrhea To get rid of dry seborrhea, it is necessary to carry out complex treatment, which consists of several stages. To treat dry forms of seborrhea, doctors use the following methods: Hormonal therapy. It is used mainly in the development of severe forms of the disease. The use of drugs, namely the following groups: Sulfur-based drugs; Zinc-based preparations; Antifungal; Antibacterial; Anti-inflammatory drugs. Particularly effective in the treatment of dry seborrhea is sulfur ointment (10%), which must be rubbed into the skin for eight days. The use of vitamins D, E, A, B. Dry seborrhea is often associated with their deficiency. Increasing immunity (treatment of all identified diseases of the body). The use of procedures of different effects (mesotherapy, massage, herbal medicine, cryotherapy, ultraviolet irradiation, ozone therapy). They should be prescribed exclusively by the attending physician. Diet. To get rid of this unpleasant illness, you will have to adjust your diet and enrich it with the following products: Curdled milk; Fruits; Eggs; Oatmeal; Vegetables. You should also limit your consumption of the following categories: Fatty foods; Animal fats; Spices; Pickles; Spicy dishes; Canned food. You can also try folk remedies. Home methods for combating seborrhea Home treatment methods are aimed at replenishing the lack of sebum. Most often, rubbing oils and oil-based creams are used for this. IMPORTANT: Medicines must be rubbed in with light movements. Intense rubbing causes hair to break and be pulled out. Rub the oils or cream in with gentle, thorough movements for 15 minutes. You need very little oil for rubbing. Its excess accelerates hair contamination, disrupts skin thermoregulation and complicates the process of sweating. For medicinal purposes, oil extracts of the following medicinal plants are used for dry seborrhea: Parsley; Burdock; Violet tricolor; Flax seed; Black poplar; Sea buckthorn. Let's highlight other most effective components for home use: Aloe vera. This medicinal plant has strong antibacterial properties. Its juice is included in many cosmetic and medicinal products. Numerous clinical studies have proven the effectiveness of this plant, especially for the treatment of seborrhea of the scalp and other parts of the body. 62% of patients participating in medical studies felt significant relief and noted a decrease in the severity of symptoms of seborrheic disease. Tea tree essential oil. This is an excellent antiviral, antifungal and antiseptic agent. That is why it is actively used to treat seborrhea. The oil itself is very concentrated in its pure form, so it is added to creams, shampoos and lotions. Dead Sea salt. A product known for its antiseptic properties and very useful in the treatment of seborrhea. A popular treatment procedure is a salt bath. Apple vinegar. It is used to rinse hair and helps control pathogenic microflora in the form of bacteria and fungi, which reduces the risk of occurrence or development of disease. Mustard mask. Useful for normalizing the condition of the scalp, helping to reduce hair loss and improve its structure. Be careful when applying mustard masks without adding honey or sugar and reduce the duration of the procedure from 10 to 15 minutes. Honey. Because it has antibacterial properties, honey is used in topical external treatments. Ultraviolet radiation. In the correct dosage, it is also used to treat dry seborrhea. It is known that sun rays help fight pathogenic microflora, which helps reduce symptoms. The following natural remedies have also proven themselves to be effective: Gruel made from crushed hazelnut kernels; Oil infusion from medicinal marshmallow seeds; Oil infusion prepared from black poplar buds; Burr oil; Sea buckthorn + olive oil; Vegetable oil + lemon juice. For dry seborrhea, it is recommended to wash the head with herbal infusions from onion peels, coltsfoot, and oregano. The main thing is that the patient does not have an allergic reaction to this or that medicinal plant. Prevention The essence of prevention is proper skin and hair care. If the skin is problematic, you need to monitor, care for, and then use special cosmetics (for dry skin). It is also advisable to take mineral complexes and multivitamins as a preventive measure. To avoid the development of dry seborrhea, you must follow simple rules: Avoid stressful situations. Spend more time outdoors. Wash your hair, taking into account the degree of contamination. Strengthen your immune system. Eat right. The most unpleasant consequences of the development of the dry form of seborrhea is premature hair loss, which provokes the occurrence of alopecia. With timely detection of the disease, as well as its comprehensive treatment, it is possible to overcome the disease in a short time with minimal costs. Sign up

2021-12-08

2021-12-09

Expert Clinics

Dry seborrhea: diagnosis, symptoms, causes, treatment methods

Dermazol

The active ingredients of this anti-dandruff shampoo are ketoconazole and zinc pyrithione. “Dermazol” is an excellent remedy for combating skin fungus that causes dandruff; it is effective for pityriasis versicolor and seborrheic dermatitis. Suitable for treating both dry and oily dandruff. “Dermazol” should be applied to damp scalp, wait 3-5 minutes and rinse thoroughly with warm water. It is recommended to use this anti-dandruff shampoo twice a week, the course of treatment is 2-4 weeks. The only contraindication is individual sensitivity to the components of the product.

Dermazol

Kusum Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., India

Treatment and prevention of skin and hair lesions caused by the yeast microorganisms Malassezia (formerly called Pityrosporum), such as dandruff, pityriasis versicolor (local), seborrheic dermatitis.
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Criterias of choice

For dry, damaged, colored hair, it is necessary to select products that contain the following components:

Silicone oils, namely cyclomethicone;
To soften curls - quaternium;
Moisturizers – panthenol, glycine;
Extracts of various natural herbs;
Vitamins, especially group B;
Essential oils with a pleasant smell.

In addition to the above, you need to pay attention to the pH level. The maximum possible indicator should vary between 2.5-3.5. If it exceeds the norm, then moisture will leave the entire length of the hair, which will negatively affect the overall appearance.

Cynovitis

Cynovit contains climbazole, zinc pyrithione, B vitamins. Zinc pyriotin destroys fungus and fights peeling and itching. Climbazole also works against fungus. Cynovit also contains uric acid, which nourishes and moisturizes the skin. The remedy is prescribed for dermatitis and psoriasis of the scalp, for oily and dry seborrhea, to relieve itching. Apply shampoo to damp hair, lather and leave for a minute. Then repeat the procedure, but hold it on your hair for three minutes. Treatment of dandruff will take about a month (you need to use Cynovit 2-3 times a week). The shampoo is suitable for all hair types, treats any seborrhea and dermatitis.

Cynovitis

CJSC "Green Dubrava", Russia

Cynovit shampoo is a comprehensive approach to eliminating dandruff and other manifestations of seborrheic dermatitis (irritation, itching).
Innovative formula with zinc pyrithione and climbazole. from 256

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How to properly wash hair with dry skin

To achieve the maximum effect from the chosen shampoo and at the same time not harm your hair even more, you should follow simple recommendations:

There is no need to squeeze out too much product. A small volume is enough. It must first be whipped into foam in your palms and only then applied to your hair and scalp.
It is important to ensure that no particles of shampoo remain. The product must be washed off completely, otherwise there is a risk of getting the effect of greasy hair.
You need to lather your hair gradually, moving in the direction from the back of the head to the crown.
People with dry skin often experience itching and irritation. In order not to aggravate the situation, you do not need to rub the shampoo into your head too intensely. It is better to massage the skin with gentle movements, try to avoid scratching it with your nails.
It is not recommended to apply shampoo over the entire length of the hair. It needs to be distributed only along the very roots, otherwise the curls will become brittle and too dry. The shampoo running down your hair is enough to cleanse it.
When washing your hair, the water should be warm, and in no case too hot or cold.
To avoid dry hair, you should avoid using a hair dryer. An excellent alternative would be a soft towel that will not cause any harm to your curls and scalp. But you shouldn’t rub your hair too hard, otherwise it may become brittle.
Until the hair is completely dry, it is better not to use a comb.

Watch the video on how to wash your hair properly:

Sulsena

This shampoo paste normalizes the functioning of the sebaceous glands, relieves irritation, reduces itching, and is effective for seborrhea. "Sulsena" improves the appearance of hair, strengthening hair follicles and healing scalp cells. The drug contains 1% selenium disulfide and sulfur ions. In addition to treating dandruff, Sulsena is also effective for alopecia. Sulfur destroys scalp fungus, eliminating itching and flaking. After washing your hair, dry your hair slightly with a towel, then apply shampoo paste to the skin and wait 10-15 minutes, rinse with water. “Sulsena” can be used frequently; there are no contraindications to the product. "Sulsena" stimulates hair growth, makes it healthier and silkier. The price of Sulsena is quite affordable. The only drawback is that it is difficult to wash off.

Sulsena

Sulsena is an anti-dandruff remedy based on selenium disulfide (SeS2), which has a unique ability to combat the yeast fungus Pityrosporum Ovale.
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Why is dandruff dangerous?

Dandruff itself is not a disease. But if the reasons for its appearance are not dealt with and treated, it can lead to complications. Under certain factors, it can develop into sebopsoriasis. This is a skin condition that precedes psoriasis. With it, not only the scalp flakes, the peeling also spreads to the eyebrows and the whole body.

If dandruff persists for a long time, it develops into seborrheic dermatitis. This is a chronic inflammatory disease that requires serious treatment.

If dandruff is left untreated, the flakes will block the supply of oxygen to the hair follicles. Because of this, the hair becomes thin and weak, splits, and falls out. In advanced cases, the hair follicles die and there is a risk of baldness.

Dandruff is accompanied by itching. If you constantly scratch your head, you can introduce staphylococci or streptococci into the scratches, which leads to furunculosis, folliculitis, abscesses and other purulent skin diseases.

Dandruff flakes can block the ducts of the sebaceous glands. In this case, secretion will accumulate inside the duct, and a cyst will appear - atheroma. It is opened surgically.

Dandruff

"Dandrhotal" is a medicated anti-dandruff shampoo with a powerful antifungal effect. In addition to dandruff, the product is effective against dermatitis, mycoses, and lichen. The active ingredient in the shampoo is ketoconazole. “Perhotal” is applied to problem areas or the entire head and left for several minutes. Then wash it off. To get rid of dandruff, Perhotal should be used once every 3-4 days for 8 weeks. If it is dermatitis, the course of treatment is 4 weeks (once or twice a week). Perhotal has side effects: dry mouth, fatigue, nausea, abdominal pain. During pregnancy, breastfeeding, allergies to ketoconazole and children under three years of age, this shampoo is contraindicated. "Perhotal" quickly treats dandruff and seborrhea, it can be used prophylactically. Among the disadvantages are contraindications and side effects.

Dandruff

Gepach International, India

Dandruff is a medicinal shampoo, an antifungal agent that acts on the very cause of dandruff.
Perhotal contains a complex that cares for your hair, makes combing easier and does not dry out the scalp. from 184

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Medicinal pharmaceutical shampoos for dandruff

As the name suggests, these cleansers are different from regular ones. They contain active ingredients that can effectively fight dandruff - they are usually listed on the label and are often included in the name. It is important to know what these substances are and how they function in order to find the best medicated shampoo for dandruff.

Let's list the main ones.

Zinc pyrithione

It interferes with the transport of membranes in fungal cells and suppresses the development of pathogenic bacteria. You can read more about this in the original article from 1978.

Pine tar

It has been used in medicine since the 19th century and is considered effective in the fight against dandruff. There is an experimental study of tar shampoos, you can check it out if you are interested.

Ketoconazole

Destroys the wall of mushrooms. It is dangerous for regular ingestion (it harms the liver), but when used in shampoo it only brings benefits. This substance has been known for a long time and has been studied many times.

Salicylic acid

Its effectiveness has only been confirmed in one study, where it was used in the fight against dandruff along with sulfur.

Ciclopirox

As in the case of “salicylic acid,” this substance was tested experimentally only once.

Disulfide

It has been used in the fight against dandruff since 1951 and is considered a fairly effective remedy, recognized including by WHO.

Sebozol

This remedy was created specifically for the treatment of seborrhea, so it is used both in dermatology and cosmetology. The active ingredient in the shampoo is ketoconazole. “Sebozol” copes well with dandruff, and is also effective for seborrheic dermatitis and skin lichen (and it can also be used for preventive purposes). The shampoo has a positive effect on the condition of the hair, restoring its damaged structure. You need to wash your hair with Sebozol twice a week until dandruff completely disappears (and this will happen literally after the second or third use). It is advisable to leave the drug on the scalp for at least five minutes. The second stage is prevention (it is enough to wash your hair with Sebozol once a week). This anti-dandruff shampoo can be used during pregnancy and lactation, as well as for children over 1 year old. Sebozol has no contraindications or side effects, it can be used for a long time, it is suitable for any hair type.

Sebozol

Murom Instrument-Making Plant, Russia

Fungal infections caused by susceptible pathogens;
dermatomycosis (tinea smooth skin, athlete's foot inguinal, athlete's foot, skin candidiasis, pityriasis versicolor, seborrheic dermatitis caused by Pityrosporum ovale), folliculitis. from 77

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Read also Vitamins for hair loss: 10 of the best Review of the best vitamins for hair.

The best shampoo manufacturers

Today, there are many manufacturers of moisturizing shampoos on the cosmetic products market. Korean cosmetics are gaining popularity very quickly. According to cosmetologists, it is better to choose proven brands to avoid negative consequences. In order to answer the question of which shampoo brand is best to buy, you should refer to the following list:

Matrix;
Kerasys;
Wella;
Estel;
Nivea;
London;
Estel;
Dove.

Compliment Zinc+

This shampoo, which gently cares for hair and scalp, is effective against all types of dandruff. "Compliment Zinc+" contains ketoconazole, zinc pyrithione and salicylic acid. This whole complex perfectly fights dandruff, seborrhea, moisturizes the scalp, and relieves itching. In addition, the shampoo is enriched with plant extracts that improve the appearance of hair and reduce inflammation. The positive effect of “Compliment Zinc+” is noticeable after the first use, and with regular use, itching and flaking disappear completely. “Compliment Zinc+” is inexpensive, but for maximum effect it is advisable to use the entire series in combination (balm-mask and leave-in product in ampoules).

Compliment Zinc+

Moisturizing dermatological shampoo is designed to care for hair of any type with dandruff of various origins.
Thanks to the content of ketoconazole and zinc pyrithione, the product reduces the formation of dandruff and counters the causes of its appearance, reliably destroying pathogenic fungi. from 23

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Features of skin disease

As a rule, dermatologists call the disease seborrhea, which occurs in a mild form. The causes of the disease are the wrong approach to choosing a hair care cosmetic, puberty in adolescents, heredity and skin fungus.

“Snow” can be greasy, dry, and its precipitation depends on the properties of the sebaceous glands. The second form occurs during adolescence. At this time, girls and boys undergo hormonal changes throughout the body, and as a result, insufficient activity of the secretions of the glands appears (little subcutaneous fat is secreted, which protects against drying out). The ends begin to break and the hairs fall out. The skin itself becomes very tight and itchy. Red spots with flaky formations form on it.

Oily seborrhea is accompanied by abundant sebum secretion and detachment of large keratinized areas. The advanced form can lead to the formation of ulcers due to blockage of the hair follicles. This process leads to a staph infection, which only a dermatologist can treat.

Tar shampoo 911

This shampoo helps well with excessive dandruff and psoriasis of the scalp. Tar shampoo “911” destroys fungi that cause dandruff, promotes rapid exfoliation of the skin, while the product acts gently, relieving irritation, itching and moisturizing the scalp. Apply “911” to damp scalp and leave for a few minutes. When rinsing, you need to try not to get the shampoo into your eyes. Tar anti-dandruff shampoo perfectly gets rid of the problem, restores hair, and is inexpensive. The only drawback of the product is the unpleasant smell.

Tar shampoo 911

Twins Tech, Russia

Tar shampoo 911 is a treatment for seborrhea, psoriasis, and dandruff.
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Recommendations for using shampoo

pay attention to whether your shampoo is suitable for daily use and how the manufacturer recommends using it;
apply your cleanser with massaging movements for several minutes to be sure that all active substances have time to perform their functions;
act carefully and do not scratch your head - this can easily damage the already irritated dermis;
enhance the effect with soothing conditioners and masks that suit you to comprehensively eliminate the problem;
Rinse your hair thoroughly with running water at a comfortable (never hot!) temperature.

Let's summarize. Shampoos help fight dandruff and can even eliminate it (along with all the unpleasant consequences, such as itching). But what kind of shampoos are these? They are different: pharmaceutical medicinal and for daily use. The former have a more intense effect, are sold in pharmacies and are used as a course. The latter are sold in regular stores, are suitable for daily hair washing and have a mild effect.

Anti-dandruff shampoos can be expensive branded ones or the most budget-friendly natural ones (for example, tar shampoo). There are products designed for a specific type of seborrhea. The main thing is to pay attention to the composition of the product: if possible, it should be without preservatives.

Ducray Squanorm

French anti-dandruff shampoo is used for dry scalp. The product contains zinc pyrithione, guanidine glycolate, glycerin, and glycolic acid. All these substances in combination destroy fungus, remove itching and flaking, moisturize the scalp, restore hair and improve its appearance. To quickly achieve a positive effect, this anti-dandruff shampoo should be used twice: first apply to the head and rinse, and then apply and leave for a couple of minutes. The course of treatment for dandruff Ducray Squanorm is 6 weeks (use 2-3 times a week). The positive effect of the product is noticeable literally after the first use; Ducray Squanorm does not affect hair color. Among the disadvantages are the high cost and the fact that the shampoo is only indicated for dry dandruff.

Ducray Squanorm

Pierre Fabre Medicament, France

Shampoo against dry dandruff Squanorm (Squanorm) quickly eliminates dry dandruff and fights its root cause, limiting the proliferation of fungi of the genus Malassezia.
Moisturizes and soothes the scalp, normalizes the natural balance of the skin. from 319

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The best anti-dandruff hair shampoos according to FAN

In this rating we have included effective products that help get rid of obsessive white “flakes” on hair roots and clothes. This is evidenced by reviews from customers and beauty bloggers. In it you will find pharmaceutical preparations with clinically proven effects, as well as inexpensive anti-dandruff shampoos from mass market brands.