Causes of acne
The content of the article
How many of us have encountered such a common problem as acne? Many people are familiar with this skin ailment, so it is worth refreshing your memory with some regularity about the causes and ways to prevent acne.
Reasons for appearance:
- Improper skin cleansing or lack thereof
. We spend every day in the bustle of the city, and it is difficult to imagine how many harmful substances settle on the skin. - Makeup
. This is a continuation of the first point. We apply makeup every day, which can already cause discomfort to the skin, since not all cosmetics consist of high-quality components. Using a large amount of decorative cosmetics in the heat provokes the appearance of acne. And if you leave the make-up on overnight, it’s scary to imagine what kind of stress it will put on the skin. - Touching with dirty hands
etc. It’s not even worth commenting here. - Rare change of bed linen and towels
. Just imagine how much time our face is in close contact with the pillow... About a third of the day. And during this time, the settled dust, the remaining dirt on the face, do their job. When it comes to towels, the ideal solution is to use disposable paper towels. But it is recommended to change fabric ones every other day. - Increased production of hormones.
Hormones enhance the work of the sebaceous glands, which is why the latter cease to function normally. fat cannot come to the surface, resulting in inflammation. - Poor nutrition
. Proper nutrition is generally the key to solving many problems. Acne is no exception. By consuming unlimited quantities of heavy and fatty foods, sweets and alcohol, we deprive ourselves of the pleasure of clear and smooth skin. Don't underestimate the power of vegetables, fruits and the nutrients they contain. - Cancellation of oral contraceptives. The body gets used to receiving sex hormones from birth control pills, and reacts to stopping their use and changes in hormonal levels with rashes.
What is acne?
Acne
– this is the result of chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands, caused by:
- genetically predetermined level of secretory activity of the sebaceous glands;
- hormonal imbalance;
- hyperkeratosis.
Why does this unpleasant disease most often first make itself felt in adolescence? The fact is that during this period in the blood the content of sex hormones and adrenal androgens increases many times over, enhancing the work of the sebaceous glands. The sebum they produce is the most important element of the hydrolipid mantle of the dermis, which contains complex compounds of fatty acids, polyhydric alcohols, glycerin, cholesterol, and wax esters.
In itself, the increased secretion of skin secretion does not pose a danger, however, at the same time, at the mouths of the sebaceous ducts, the layer of corneocytes, dead epidermal cells, thickens, that is, hyperkeratosis occurs, making it difficult for sebum to come to the surface. Gradually, it accumulates more and more, and in this environment rich in lipids (fat-like substances), ropionibacterium acnes, bacteria that live in the microflora of the sebaceous glands, begin to actively multiply. They intensively produce lipase - an enzyme that breaks down glycerol into free fatty acids, the abundance of which further clogs the ducts, which ultimately leads to the formation of a plug - a comedon. Under comedones, staphylococci, streptococci and other pathogens of purulent infections thrive, easily penetrating the dermis when the protective barrier of the epidermis and its normal microflora is disrupted, as well as when immunity is reduced.
Manifestations of acne on the face and body
- Increased sebum secretion, mainly in the so-called T-zone (forehead, nose, chin).
- Primary non-inflammatory elements are various types of comedones: (whiteheads or milia, blackheads, microcysts, etc.).
- Inflammatory lesions such as red bumps or papules and pustules (red around the periphery with a white head in the center).
- Deep nodular skin lesions, stagnant spots and scars.
Our clinic is a multidisciplinary medical institution. The Endocrinological Research Center is the leading clinic in Russia, where diagnostics and comprehensive treatment of acne in adolescents and adults is carried out within the framework of world standards.
Treatment methods for acne (whiteheads on the face and body, blackheads)
Experienced dermatologists and cosmetologists at our clinic in Moscow, after examination, medical history and mandatory examination, prescribe an individual course of acne treatment, choosing the optimal method.
Taking into account the degree of skin damage and the spread of the process, before performing the planned course of external procedures, it is possible to prescribe oral medications with a detoxifying effect, antibiotics, systemic retinoids, antiandrogens in women, and external pharmaceuticals for home care. When endocrine disorders are detected, their mandatory adequate hormonal correction is carried out.
Acne (acne disease) has various forms of manifestation and severity. Occurring in adolescence, the disease can drag on for several years and continue into adulthood. Scars and scars, age spots and congestive spots, as accompanying destructive elements in the outcome of the disease, remaining for life, create serious psychological discomfort.
A professional integrated approach to the problem, modern equipment and methods proven by many years of experience used in our clinic are the components of effective treatment not only for acne. Our doctors also successfully eliminate their consequences - post-acne (age spots, scars, stagnant bluish spots).
Treatments for acne
- a comprehensive procedure for manual atraumatic facial cleansing using certified cosmeceuticals from the world's leading manufacturers;
- chemical and enzymatic peels for the treatment of acne using various active ingredients;
- injection methods of treatment - mesotherapy, biorevitalization and bioreparation with anti-inflammatory, vascular components, microelements and vitamins;
- microcurrent therapy;
- injection carboxytherapy – microinjections of sterile CO2
- comprehensive treatment programs for the care of problem skin;
- acne laser treatment.
Treatment of acne (acne) on the face, back and other parts of the body with laser is one of the most modern, versatile and effective procedures in the complex dermatological treatment of acne in adult men and women at any stage.
How to get rid of acne
Contact a qualified specialist
. You should not self-medicate, as acne may indicate serious problems that cannot be missed now. A dermatologist will identify the causes and prescribe appropriate treatment, individually selecting methods.
Improving nutrition quality
. It’s corny, but it’s worth including vegetables and fruits in your diet. Some of them, in particular lemons and apples, contain substances that promote skin regeneration. And to cleanse the body from the inside, bran, dried fruits and legumes are ideal.
Proper skin care
. To choose a product, you need to make sure that it:
- hypoallergenic;
- suitable for your skin type;
- does not contain soap;
- has a neutral pH level;
- contains exfoliating agents;
- has an anti-inflammatory effect.
Chemical peeling of the face
Chemical facial peeling is a procedure in which the patient's dead skin cells are removed using organic fruit acids or mechanical treatment. Acidic substances help deeply cleanse the skin and remove harmful substances, resulting in smoother, healthier and more radiant facial skin.
The procedure is divided into 3 types:
- superficial peeling - removes the top skin cells, suppressing the primary manifestations of acne;
- middle peeling - removes epidermal cells to the basement membrane, helping to solve dermatological problems and problems of age-related changes;
- deep peeling - affects the basement membrane, allowing you to remove serious facial imperfections; the effect lasts for about a year.
How to cleanse your face
High-quality facial cleansing is possible at home and does not require large expenses. The main thing is the systematicity of a pleasant and, undoubtedly, useful ritual.
Preparatory stage
The facial skin cleansing procedure must be carried out twice a day: in the morning to wash off the remnants of night products, in the evening to remove dust, sweat and makeup. Secondly, you need to decide on a product that will effectively and gently remove impurities from the skin. It can be:
— Wet wipes impregnated with a certain composition, which not only removes makeup and dust, but also soothes the skin after mechanical stress;
— Micellar water , milk or biphasic makeup remover is an excellent and hypoallergenic way to quickly and effectively cleanse the skin of impurities and makeup.
Washing
Foam cleanser is a relatively new product in the world of facial skin care and cleansing, which has managed to win many fans. The reason is not only the economical use and convenient pump dispenser, but also the softest mousse-like texture, which carefully removes impurities and does not dry out the skin due to the smaller amount of surfactants.
The cleansing gel takes into account the needs of each skin type and therefore perfectly removes residues of not only sebum residues, skin particles, remaining cosmetic particles and so on, but also removes milk or oil for makeup remover so that the skin can breathe freely.
The washing gel contains a certain type of surfactant that can gently capture dust particles, ensuring only superficial cleansing, and there are, for example, cationic gels that penetrate the epidermis and can cause irritation.
There is an opinion that you can cleanse your facial skin - at the preparatory stage - with ordinary soap, because soap formulas are being improved and are no longer as aggressive as before; contain more nourishing and moisturizing ingredients. However, do not forget that soap is alkali, it does not take into account the needs of each skin type, it greatly degreases the skin (which leads to dryness), so you should give preference to more gentle textures and products.
Additional cleansing
Once a week, you can arrange a spa at home and additionally cleanse your face of dirt and oil: for example, apply a mask with natural extracts or charcoal, or apply a scrub of coarser particles. Natural ingredients have a beneficial effect on the condition of the skin, the oils included in the composition nourish, and scrubbing particles return softness and healthy radiance to the skin.
Additional – deep – skin cleansing is possible and safe only in beauty salons and specialized clinics that offer skin cleansing or acid peeling services. The result is visible immediately. Therefore, if your face is too dirty: blackheads, enlarged pores, unevenness, gray complexion are visible, you should seek the help of professionals.
The most popular procedure is salon facial cleansing, which can be hardware (a special attachment is used that literally pushes dirt out of the pores), and mechanical (manual), when the master, using various lotions, emulsions and creams, softens the stratum corneum of the skin with his fingertips and Using a spoon, Uno removes blackheads, comedones, pimples and wen. The entire procedure takes more than an hour and is sometimes painful and traumatic; Various steaming masks, high concentrations of products that pull dirt out of the pores of the serum and special equipment are used.
Carrying out such a procedure at home is highly not recommended.
Toning and moisturizing
Many people neglect cleansing skin tonic, but it tightens pores and has an antiseptic effect, ensures normal acidity of the skin after using alkaline products, restores firmness and elasticity to the skin, and also prepares the skin for better penetration of creams into the epidermis of the skin.
Moisturizing the skin is the final step in the ritual of beautiful and healthy skin. Since almost all products contain surfactants, they dry out the skin in one way or another, which can lead to the premature appearance of wrinkles. Moisturizing the skin with special aqua fluids and nourishing creams will return it silky and smooth, and also give you a feeling of comfort throughout the day.
Ultrasound therapy
Ultrasound therapy is a gentle facial cleansing technique in which the doctor uses a special device that interacts with sound vibrations on the skin. Ultrasonic cleansing is aimed at cleansing the surface layers of the skin, gently exfoliating dead skin cells and cleansing contaminated pores.
This method of cleaning is suitable for patients who do not have serious problems with the epidermis, since the procedure is aimed only at the external manifestations of the problem, but does not destroy the cause of its occurrence
The effect of ultrasound helps only with minor facial dirt, relieves minor inflammation, evens out fine wrinkles and improves blood circulation. After the procedure, the complexion significantly improves, the skin looks fresh, healthy, radiant, soft and moisturized.
Ultrasonic cleansing is meant as a complex therapy, which includes not only cleansing the skin using ultrasound, but also the use of additional cosmetics - all kinds of creams, masks and serums. Comprehensive care will allow you to achieve better results, since with ultrasonic facial cleansing, the stratum corneum of the epidermis becomes much thinner, which allows the active substances of the products to penetrate from its surface into the deeper layers of the skin.
Is it effective to cleanse your face if you have acne*?
Vacuum, ultrasonic, atraumatic, mechanical facial cleansing for acne is quite widely used in domestic and foreign clinical practice. Despite the lack of full-fledged research on the effectiveness of these techniques in the treatment of acne*, doctors' observations show that in some cases they can have a positive effect. [152]
But it is important to correctly optimize the use of any of the available technologies. To achieve a sustainable result, the procedure must be carried out in compliance with sterility and safety measures, as well as at a certain frequency, which depends on the characteristics of the patient’s skin. [152]
Mesotherapy
Mesotherapy is a fairly serious way to combat skin imperfections. The procedure consists of injecting under the skin with strong chemical components (antibiotics and immunostimulating drugs), which help destroy harmful bacteria and cope with clogging of pores due to the large secretion of sebaceous secretions from the skin. This type of therapy is recommended for patients with a pronounced problem of acne and pimples.
Mesotherapy is not recommended for persons under 25 years of age, as well as for patients suffering from highly sensitive skin. In general, injections do not cause significant harm to health and effectively eliminate the causes of skin rashes.
Thus, different cosmetic procedures are aimed at different skin problems, have their pros and cons, and in order to determine the right therapy, you should consult a specialist.
Indications for facial cleansing for problem skin
For those with problem skin with acne, facial cleansing is a mandatory step in their care. It is enough to carry it out 1-2 times a month depending on the condition of the skin.
The procedure is indicated for those who:
- problematic skin
- enlarged pores
- excessively oily skin and shine
- tendency to inflammation and redness, rapid contamination of pores
- acne
- acne and post-acne
- comedones
- black dots
- acne
- unhealthy grayish, dull complexion
- weak skin tone
